RT Book, Section
A1 Campino, Susanna
A1 Hill-Cawthorne, Grant
A1 Pain, Arnab
A2 Murray, Michael F.
A2 Babyatsky, Mark W.
A2 Giovanni, Monica A.
A2 Alkuraya, Fowzan S.
A2 Stewart, Douglas R.
SR Print(0)
ID 1102702700
T1 Malaria
T2 Clinical Genomics: Practical Applications in Adult Patient Care
YR 2014
FD 2014
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071622448
LK accessbiomedicalscience.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1102702700
RD 2024/04/19
AB Disease  summary:Malaria  is  a  major  parasitic  infection  in  humans  with  significant  global  health  impact.  The  pathogen  Plasmodium  completes  its  sexual  maturation  in  mosquitoes,  which  in  turn  transmit  sporozoites  to  humans  while  feeding  on  their  blood.  In  humans,  the  liver  incubates  sporozoites  allowing  for  their  asexual  reproduction  before  their  release  into  the  blood  stream  where  they  continue  their  reproduction  in  red  blood  cells  (RBCs),  altering  their  properties,  and  causing  the  various  symptoms  of  malaria.Differential  diagnosis:Consider  viral  infections  such  as  HIV  seroconversion,  dengue  fever,  hepatitis  A,  B,  and  E,  influenza  and  viral  hemorrhagic  fevers.  Bacterial  infections  with  a  similar  presentation  include  typhoid,  pneumonias,  and  leptospirosis.Monogenic  forms:Genetic  host  and  pathogen  factors  are  known  to  influence  the  disease  risk.  The  best  known  host  genetic  factor  is  sickle  cell  hemoglobinopathy  where  carriers  of  this  disease  have  an  approximately  10-fold  increase  in  protection  against  severe  and  complicated  malaria.Genome-wide  associations:A  number  of  genetic  variants  in  the  pathogen  genome  have  been  identified,  some  of  which  may  serve  as  candidates  for  the  development  of  more  effective  antimalarial  therapies  and  vaccines.Pharmacogenomics:Some  antimalarial  drugs  can  cause  hemolysis  in  patients  with  glucose-6-phosphate  dehydrogenase  (G6PD)  deficiency  so  measurement  of  G6PD  activity  is  indicated.