CHAPTER 14: Toxic Responses of the Kidney

Chapter 14. Toxic Responses of the Kidney

The kidney is responsible for all of the following EXCEPT:

a. synthesis of renin.

b. acid–base balance.

c. reabsorption of electrolytes.

d. regulation of extracellular fluid.

e. release of angiotensin.

Which of the following does NOT contribute to filtrate formation in the nephron?

a. capillary hydrostatic pressure.

b. positive charge of glomerular capillary wall.

c. hydraulic permeability of glomerular capillary wall.

d. colloid oncotic pressure.

e. size of filtration slits.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the loop of Henle?

a. There is reabsorption of filtered Na⁺ and K⁺.

b. Tubular fluid in the thin descending limb is iso-osmotic to the renal interstitium.

c. Water is freely permeable in the thin ascending limb.

d. Na⁺ and Cl⁻ are reabsorbed in the thin ascending limb.

e. The thick ascending limb is impermeable to water.

Although the kidneys constitute 0.5% of total body mass, approximately how much of the resting cardiac output do they receive?

a. 0.5% to 1%.

b. 5%.

c. 10%.

d. 20% to 25%.

e. 50% to 60%.

Which of the following is most likely to occur after a toxic insult to the kidney?

a. GFR will decrease in the unaffected kidney.

b. Tight-junction integrity will increase in the nephron.

c. The unaffected cells will undergo atrophy and proliferation.

d. Clinical tests will likely show normal renal function.

e. Glomerulotubular balance is lost.

Chronic renal failure does not typically result in:

a. decrease in GFR of viable nephrons.

b. glomerulosclerosis.

c. tubular atrophy.

d. increased glomerular pressures.

e. altered capillary permeability.

All of the following ...