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Chapter 28. Nanotoxicology
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Which of the following is not a nanoparticle?
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Which of the following answers is not true regarding nanoparticles?
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a. NPs can originate from natural sources including forest fires, volcanoes, and viruses.
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b. NPs can originate from unintentional sources including internal combustion engines and electric motors.
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c. NPs can originate from unintentional sources including ferritin and magnetotactic bacteria.
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d. NPs can originate from intentional sources including carbon nanotubes and metal oxide nanoparticles.
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e. NPs can originate from natural, and intentional and unintentional anthropogenic sources.
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In contrast to larger particles >500 nm, nanoparticles
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a. are highly likely to enter the body by dermal absorption.
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b. are highly likely to enter the body through the respiratory tract.
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c. are unlikely to adsorb to protein or lipid.
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d. are efficiently removed from the lungs via mucociliary transport.
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e. are not likely to undergo uptake and transport in sensory neurons.
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Which of the following statements is NOT true?
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a. Nanomaterials may be classified by geometry and chemistry.
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b. Engineered nanomaterials include quantum dots, C-nanofiber array, and few-layer grapheme.
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c. Agglomerates include primary particles held together by weak van der Waals forces.
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d. Aggregates include primary particles held by strong chemical bonds.
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e. Hydrodynamic diameter is unimportant in particle interactions.
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Nanoparticles can exert toxicity by all of the following mechanisms except:
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a. damage to DNA and chromosomes.
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b. induction of oxidant stress.
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c. interference with biotransformation enzyme activities.
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d. activation of signaling pathways.
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e. release of toxic metal ions from internalized NPs.
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Biodistribution of nanoparticles may be influenced by
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a. physicochemical properties such as plasma protein and respiratory tract mucus.
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b. physicochemical properties such as surface size and chemistry.
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