CHAPTER 29: Air Pollution

Chapter 29. Air Pollution

Which of the following compounds is NOT an oxidant-type air pollutant?

a. NO₂.

b. SO₂.

c. O₃.

d. radical hydrocarbons.

e. aldehydes.

Which of the following pollutants contributes most to nontobacco-smoking lung cancer?

a. asbestos.

b. vinyl chloride.

c. benzene.

d. products of incomplete combustion.

e. formaldehyde.

Inhalants, such as NO₂ and trichloroethylene, can increase proliferation of opportunistic pathogens in the lungs by:

a. destroying goblet cells in the respiratory tract.

b. damaging the alveolar septa.

c. inactivating cilia in the respiratory tract.

d. killing alveolar macrophages.

e. dampening the immune system.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of SO₂ toxicology?

a. SO₂ is a major reducing-type air pollutant.

b. Increased airflow rate increases the amount of SO₂ inhaled.

c. SO₂ inhalation causes vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure.

d. SO₂ is predominately absorbed in the conducting airways.

e. SO₂ inhalation increases mucus secretion in humans.

Which of the following would be MOST likely to occur on sulfuric acid exposure?

a. vasoconstriction.

b. decreased mucus secretion.

c. an anti-inflammatory response.

d. vasodilation.

e. bronchoconstriction.

All of the following statements regarding particulate matter are true EXCEPT:

a. Metals are most commonly released into the environment during coal and oil combustion.

b. The interaction of gases and particles in the atmosphere can create a more toxic product than the gas or particle alone.

c. Solubility does not play a role in the bioavailability of a metal.

d. The earth’s crust is an important source of atmospheric magnesium.

e. Diesel exhaust contains reducing- and oxidant-type air pollutants.