Appendix: Normal Hormone Reference Ranges

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Normal Hormone Reference Rangesa,b...

Test

Source

Ages, Conditions, etc

Conventional Units

Conversion Factor

SI Units

Comments

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test (cosyntropin test): 0.25 mg of synthetic ACTH1-24 (cosyntropin) is administered IV or IM, and serum cortisol is measured at 0, 30, and 60 min. Normal response: peak cortisol >20 μg/dL (>540 nmol/L). A dose of 1 μg of ACTH will give a similar response in the normal individual (see Chapter 9).

ACTH

Plasma

Men

7-50 pg/mL

0.222

1.55-11.1 pmol/L

Collect in silicone-coated EDTA-containing tubes. Keep iced. Avoid contact with glass during collection and separation. Process immediately. Separate and freeze plasma in plastic tube at −20°C.

Women

5-27 pg/mL

1.11-6 pmol/L

Children

Prepubertal

7-28 pg/mL

1.55-6.2 pmol/L

Postpubertal

2-49 pg/mL

0.44-10.78 pmol/L

Post-dexamethasone suppression

2-5 pg/mL

0.4-1.1 pmol/L

Aldosterone

Serum (fasting)

Sodium intake

–

27.7

300 mmol/d:

Adult

Levels in pregnant patients are three to four times higher.

Upright am

<28 ng/dL

<776 pmol/L

Upright pm

<21 ng/dL

<582 pmol/L

Supine am

3-16 ng/dL

83.1-443 pmol/L

Adrenal vein

200-400 ng/dL

5540-11,080 pmol/L

Urine

Sodium diet

–

Collect 24-h specimen in 10 g boric acid to maintain pH <7.5. Refrigerate during collection.

(100-300 mmol/d)

Children:

2-7 y

≤5.7 μg/d

8-11 y

≤10.2 μg/d

12-16 y

≤15.6 μg/d

Adult

≤2.3-21 μg/d

Post-fludrocortisone or intravenous saline infusion

≤5.0 μg/d

Alkaline phosphatase, bone specific

Serum

2-24 mo

25.4-124.0 μg/L

–

IRMA; collect following an overnight fast; useful in Paget disease and osteoporosis; assay also known as Ostase; increased levels seen in states of high bone turnover (Paget disease, hyperthyroidism, osteoporosis).

6-9 y

41-134.6 μg/L

10-13 y

Males

43.8-177.4 μg/L

Females

24.2-154.2 μg/L

14-17 y

Males

3.7-128 μg/L

Females

110.5-75.2 μg/L

Adult males

18-29 y

8.4-29.3 μg/L

30-39 y

7.7-21.3 μg/L

40-49 y

7.0-18.3 μg/L

60-68 y

7.6-14.9 μg/L

Adult females

18-29 y

4.7-17.8 μg/L

30-39 y

5.3-19.5 μg/L

40-49 y

5.0-18.8 μg/L

50-76 y

5.6-29 μg/L

Alpha subunit

Serum

Men

<0.6 ng/mL

–

RIA; used to assess gonadotropin hormone subunit secretion in pituitary adenomas.

Women

Premenopausal

<1.5 ng/mL

Postmenopausal

0.9-3.3 ng/mL

Hypothyroid

<3.7 ng/mL

Pregnant or hCG-producing tumor

1.8-360 ng/mL

3α-Androstenediol glucuronide

Serum

Prepubertal children

0.1-0.6 ng/mL

2.14

0.2-1.3 nmol/L

Freeze serum and store at −20°C.

Tanner II-III

Male

0.19-1.64 ng/mL

0.41-3.51 nmol/L

Female

0.33-2.44 ng/mL

0.71-5.22 nmol/L

Adult

Male

2.6-15 ng/mL

5.6-32.1 nmol/L

Female

0.6-3.0 ng/mL

1.3-6.4 nmol/L

Androstenedione

Serum

Men

3.49

18-30 y

50-220 ng/dL

175-768 nmol/L

31-50 y

40-190 ng/dL

140-663 nmol/L

51-60 y

50-220 ng/dL

175-768 nmol/L

Women

Follicular

35-250 ng/dL

122-873 nmol/L

Midcycle

60-285 ng/dL

209-995 nmol/L

Luteal

30-235 ng/dL

105-820 nmol/L

Postmenopausal

20-75 ng/dL

70-262 nmol/L

Children

1-12 mo

6-78 ng/dL

21-272 nmol/L

1-4 y

5-51 ng/dL

17-178 nmol/L

5-9 y

6-115 ng/dL

21-401 nmol/L

10-13 y

12-221 ng/dL

42-771 nmol/L

14-17 y

22-225 ng/dL

77-785 nmol/L

Tanner II-III

Male

17-82 ng/dL

59-286 nmol/L

Female

43-180 ng/dL

150-628 nmol/L

Tanner IV-V

Male

57-150 ng/dL

199-523 nmol/L

Female

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