TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chapter 12. Observational Study Designs A1 - Hammill, Bradley G. A2 - Lopes, Renato D. A2 - Harrington, Robert A. PY - 2013 T2 - Understanding Clinical Research AB - Observational studies in clinical research can be classified as either analytic or descriptive (Table 12–1). Analytic observational studies are similar to randomized, controlled clinical trials in that the goal is to estimate the causal effect of an exposure on an outcome. Also similar to trials, analytic observational studies always include some type of comparison group, against which the experience of the exposed group is compared. Well-designed analytic studies can generate strong evidence for or against a stated hypothesis. Descriptive studies, on the other hand, aim to describe the characteristics or experiences of a particular patient group. Even well-designed descriptive studies cannot be used to draw strong conclusions about the effect of an exposure on an outcome. Instead, these studies are often used to generate study questions that can then be tested by more rigorous methods. SN - PB - The McGraw-Hill Companies CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/12/04 UR - accessbiomedicalscience.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=57836443 ER -