TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Penicillins, Cephalosporins, and Other β-Lactam Antibiotics A1 - Hilal-Dandan, Randa A1 - Brunton, Laurence L. PY - 2016 T2 - Goodman and Gilman's Manual of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2e AB - The β-lactam antibiotics—penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems—share a common structure and mechanism of action, inhibition of the synthesis of the bacterial peptidoglycan cell wall. Bacterial resistance against the β-lactam antibiotics continues to increase at a dramatic rate. β-Lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanate can extend the utility of these drugs against β-lactamase-producing organisms. Unfortunately, resistance includes not only production of β-lactamases but also alterations in or acquisition of novel penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) and decreased entry and/or active efflux of the antibiotic. To a dangerous degree, we are re-entering the pre-antibiotic era, with many nosocomial gram-negative bacterial infections resistant to all available antibiotics. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessbiomedicalscience.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1127553634 ER -