RT Book, Section
A1 Hilal-Dandan, Randa
A1 Brunton, Laurence L.
SR Print(0)
ID 1127551160
T1 Lipid-Derived Autacoids: Eicosanoids and Platelet-Activating Factor
T2 Goodman and Gilman's Manual of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2e
YR 2016
FD 2016
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071769174
LK accessbiomedicalscience.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1127551160
RD 2024/04/18
AB Membrane  lipids  supply  the  substrate  for  the  synthesis  of  eicosanoids  and  platelet-activating  factor  (PAF).  Eicosanoids—arachidonate  metabolites,  including  prostaglandins  (PGs),  prostacyclin  (PGI2),  thromboxane  A2  (TxA2),  leukotrienes  (LTs),  lipoxins,  and  hepoxilins—are  not  stored  but  are  produced  by  most  cells  when  a  variety  of  physical,  chemical,  and  hormonal  stimuli  activate  acyl  hydrolases  that  make  arachidonate  available.  Membrane  glycerophosphocholine  derivatives  can  be  modified  enzymatically  to  produce  PAF.  PAF  is  formed  by  a  smaller  number  of  cell  types,  principally  leukocytes,  platelets,  and  endothelial  cells.  Eicosanoids  and  PAF  lipids  contribute  to  inflammation,  smooth  muscle  tone,  hemostasis,  thrombosis,  parturition,  and  gastrointestinal  secretion.  Several  classes  of  drugs,  most  notably  aspirin,  the  traditional  nonsteroidal  anti-inflammatory  agents  (tNSAIDs),  and  the  specific  inhibitors  of  cyclooxygenase-2  (COX-2),  such  as  the  coxibs,  owe  their  principal  therapeutic  effects  to  blockade  of  eicosanoid  formation.