RT Book, Section
A1 Raviglione, Mario C.
A2 Kasper, Dennis L.
A2 Fauci, Anthony S.
SR Print(0)
ID 1141409526
T1 TUBERCULOSIS
T2 Harrison's Infectious Diseases, 3e
YR 2017
FD 2017
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781259835971
LK accessbiomedicalscience.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1141409526
RD 2024/04/23
AB Tuberculosis  (TB),  which  is  caused  by  bacteria  of  the  Mycobacterium  tuberculosis  complex,  is  one  of  the  oldest  diseases  known  to  affect  humans  and  a  major  cause  of  death  worldwide.  Recent  population  genomic  studies  suggest  that  M.  tuberculosis  may  have  emerged  ~70,000  years  ago  in  Africa  and  subsequently  disseminated  along  with  anatomically  modern  humans,  expanding  globally  during  the  Neolithic  Age  as  human  density  started  to  increase.  ­Progenitors  of  M.  tuberculosis  are  likely  to  have  affected  prehominids.  This  disease  most  often  affects  the  lungs,  although  other  organs  are  involved  in  up  to  one-third  of  cases.  If  properly  treated,  TB  caused  by  drug-­susceptible  strains  is  curable  in  the  vast  majority  of  cases.  If  untreated,  the  disease  may  be  fatal  within  5  years  in  50–65%  of  cases.  Transmission  usually  takes  place  through  the  airborne  spread  of  droplet  nuclei  produced  by  patients  with  infectious  pulmonary  TB.