RT Book, Section
A1 Belsito, Donald V.
A2 Klaassen, Curtis D.
SR Print(0)
ID 1158500704
T1 Toxic Responses of the Skin
T2 Casarett & Doull’s Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 9th edition
YR 2019
FD 2019
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781259863745
LK accessbiomedicalscience.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1158500704
RD 2024/04/19
AB As  the  body's  first  line  of  defense  against  external  insult,  the  skin's  vast  surface  area  (1.5  to  2  m2)  is  repeatedly  exposed  to  chemical  assaults  and  other  types  of  injuries.  As  such,  it  may  serve  as  a  portal  of  entry  for  topical  contactants.  Recognizing  the  potential  hazards  of  skin  exposure,  the  National  Institute  of  Occupational  Safety  and  Health  (NIOSH)  characterizes  skin  disease  as  one  of  the  most  pervasive  occupational  health  problems  in  the  United  States.  In  2012,  NIOSH  ranked  skin  disease  as  the  second  leading  work  related  illness  based  on  frequency,  and  estimated  its  annual  cost  at  greater  than  1  billion  dollars  (NIOSH,  2017a).  Although  substantial  reduction  in  the  reported  incidence  has  occurred  in  recent  years  due  to  better  workplace  environments  and  personal  protective  equipment,  further  improvements  in  prevention  and  management  are  clearly  needed.  Skin  conditions  resulting  from  occupational  or  consumer  exposures  not  resulting  in  lost  work  are  poorly  recorded.  Hence,  their  incidence  is  likely  to  be  greatly  underestimated.