RT Book, Section
SR Print(0)
ID 1101681813
T1 Posture
T2 Principles of Neural Science, Fifth Edition
YR 2014
FD 2014
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-139011-8
LK accessbiomedicalscience.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1101681813
RD 2022/05/26
AB Postural  Equilibrium  and  Orientation  Are  Distinct  Sensorimotor  ProcessesPostural  Equilibrium  Requires  Control  of  the  Body's  Center  of  MassBalance  During  Stance  Requires  Muscle  ActivationAutomatic  Postural  Responses  Counteract  Unexpected  DisturbancesAutomatic  Postural  Responses  Adapt  to  Changes  in  the  Requirements  for  SupportAnticipatory  Postural  Adjustments  Compensate  for  Voluntary  MovementsPostural  Orientation  Is  Important  for  Optimizing  Execution  of  Tasks,  Interpreting  Sensations,  and  Anticipating  Disturbances  to  BalanceSensory  Information  from  Several  Modalities  Must  Be  Integrated  to  Maintain  Equilibrium  and  OrientationSomatosensory  Afferents  Are  Important  for  Timing  and  Direction  of  Automatic  Postural  ResponsesVestibular  Information  Is  Important  for  Balance  on  Unstable  Surfaces  and  During  Head  MovementsVisual  Information  Provides  Advance  Knowledge  of  Potentially  Destabilizing  Situations  and  Assists  in  Orienting  to  the  EnvironmentInformation  from  a  Single  Sensory  Modality  Can  Be  AmbiguousThe  Postural  Control  System  Uses  a  Body  Schema  that  Incorporates  Internal  Models  for  BalanceThe  Influence  of  Each  Sensory  Modality  on  Balance  and  Orientation  Changes  According  to  Task  RequirementsControl  of  Posture  Is  Distributed  in  the  Nervous  SystemSpinal  Cord  Circuits  Are  Sufficient  for  Maintaining  Antigravity  Support  but  Not  BalanceThe  Brain  Stem  and  Cerebellum  Integrate  Sensory  Signals  for  PostureThe  Spinocerebellum  and  Basal  Ganglia  Are  Important  in  Adaptation  of  PostureCerebral  Cortex  Centers  Contribute  to  Postural  ControlAn  Overall  View